Nnyocha nyocha nke ultrasonic
Ngwa nyocha nke ultrasonic Medical bụ ngwa ahụike nke jikọtara ụkpụrụ sonar na teknụzụ radar maka ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ.Ụkpụrụ bụ isi bụ na elu ugboro ultrasonic pulse wave na-agbanye n'ime organism, na ụdị ebili mmiri dị iche iche na-egosipụta site na oghere dị iche iche na organism na-emepụta ihe oyiyi.Ya mere iji chọpụta ma enwere ọnya na organism.Ngwa ultrasonic diagnostic ngwá ọrụ mepụtara site na mbụ otu akụkụ ultrasonic scanning ngosi na-egosi na akụkụ abụọ akụkụ atọ na akụkụ anọ ultrasonic scanning na ngosi, nke ukwuu enwekwu echo ozi na-eme ka ọnya na ndu ahu doro anya na mfe. ịmata ọdịiche.Ya mere, a ga-eji ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwá ọrụ nyocha ọgwụ ultrasonic.
1. Otu akụkụ ultrasonic nyocha na ngosi
N'ime akụrụngwa nyocha nke ultrasonic, ndị mmadụ na-ezokarị aka na ụdị A na Ụdị M, nke a na-achọpụta site na teknụzụ ultrasonic pulse-echo distance, dị ka nyocha ultrasonic nke otu akụkụ.Ntuziaka nke ụdị ultrasonic emission adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, na njupụta ma ọ bụ isi awọ nke mgbaàmà na-egosipụta azụ site na interface impedance na-abụghị nke otu oge dị iche.Mgbe nkwalite ahụ gasịrị, a na-egosipụta ya n'ahịrị ma ọ bụ kwụ ọtọ na ihuenyo.A na-akpọ ụdị ihe oyiyi a otu akụkụ ultrasonic oyiyi.
(1) Ụdị nyocha nke ultrasound
Nyocha (transducer) dị ka ọnọdụ nyocha, n'ụzọ a kapịrị ọnụ na ahụ mmadụ na-ebupụta ọtụtụ megahertz ultrasonic wave, site n'ahụ mmadụ na-atụgharị uche na mmụba, na njupụta na udi na ihuenyo ihuenyo.Nchikota kwụ ọtọ nke ihe ngosi na-egosi njupụta ebili mmiri nke ntụgharị uche;Enwere ọnụ ọgụgụ oge na anya na abscissa.Nke a nwere ike dabere na ebe echo dị, njupụta ụda olu, ọdịdị, nọmba ebili mmiri na ozi ndị metụtara ya site na ọnya na ọnọdụ anatomical nke isiokwu maka nchoputa.A - ụdị nyocha ultrasonic na ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ nwere ike nweta ụdịdị ahụ.
(2) M-ụdị ultrasound nyocha
Ihe nyocha (transducer) na-ebufe ma na-enweta ultrasonic beam na ahụ n'ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ na ntụziaka.Igwe ọkụ na-agbanwe nchapụta nke ahịrị nyocha kwụ ọtọ nke ihe ngosi site na ịgafe akara mgbago nke omimi dị iche iche, wee gbasaa ya n'usoro n'usoro oge, na-etolite eserese trajectory nke mmegharị nke isi ihe ọ bụla n'otu akụkụ n'otu oge.Nke a bụ M-mode ultrasound.A pụkwara ịghọta ya dị ka: M-mode ultrasound bụ usoro egwu oge na-agbanwe n'otu akụkụ dị iche iche.M - usoro nyocha dị mma karịsịa maka nyocha nke akụkụ moto.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na nyocha nke obi, enwere ike ịlele ụdị ọrụ obi dị iche iche na trajectory eserese gosipụtara, ya mere m-mode ultrasound.A makwaara dị ka echocardiography.
2. Nyocha ultrasonic akụkụ abụọ na ngosipụta
N'ihi na nyocha nke otu akụkụ nwere ike ịchọpụta naanị akụkụ ahụ mmadụ dịka njupụta nke ultrasonic nloghachi ebili mmiri na njupụta nke ụda olu na eserese, otu akụkụ ultrasound (a-ụdị ultrasound) nwere oke oke na nchọpụta ahụike ultrasonic.Ụkpụrụ nke ihe nleba anya ultrasonic nke akụkụ abụọ bụ iji ultrasonic pulse echo, nchapụta nchapụta nke ihe ngosi isi awọ abụọ, ọ na-egosipụta nke ọma ozi nke akụkụ ahụ mmadụ.Usoro nyocha akụkụ abụọ na-eme ka transducer ahụ ahụ mmadụ n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ n'ime nyocha ahụ malitere ọtụtụ MHZ ultrasound, na otu ọsọ na oghere akụkụ abụọ, ya bụ nyocha nke oghere akụkụ abụọ, wee ziga mgbe mmadụ gachara. ahụ iji kwalite nhazi mgbaama mgbaama na-egosipụta cathode ma ọ bụ njikwa na grid, ngosipụta nke nchapụta ntụpọ na-agbanwe na nha nke mgbama mgbanaka, A na-emepụta ihe oyiyi tomography akụkụ abụọ.Mgbe egosipụtara na ihuenyo, ordinate na-anọchi anya oge ma ọ bụ omimi nke ụda ụda n'ime ahụ, ebe a na-agbanwe nchapụta site na njupụta nke ultrasonic echo na ebe oghere kwekọrọ, na abscissa na-anọchite anya ntụziaka nke ụda ụda na-enyocha ihe nkiri ahụ. ahu mmadu.
Oge nzipu: Mee-28-2022